The maps included below provide insight into the expansion of Mediterranean and Persian Empires, and provide access to multimedia resources for mapping and primary source analysis. Map of the Persian Empire at the time of Xerxes. Red lines denote the route of Xerxes' army across the empire. Topography included. Close-up of Greece and "war ...Yesterday was the 11th anniversary of the 2003 Iraq War - yet to this day, few media reflections on the conflict accurately explore the extent to which opening up Persian Gulf energy resources to ...Primary Sources - Gulf Wars Commercial Sources Archives Unbound (Gale) Digital collections for historical documents in the areas of: PsyOps, Afghanistan, China, Japan, Vietnam, Civil War, Persian Gulf War, Latin America, Radicalism, Czechoslovakia, Turkey and more. Cold War Eastern Europe 1947-1982 (History Commons) Files from the political ...dom about the Gulf War is wrong. Although air power played an important role in the coalition's victory, its role has been exaggerated and misunderstood. I make two primary arguments about air power during the Gulf War. First, air power was not decisive; it did not neutralize the Iraqi ground forces. At thePersian Gulf Wars, two conflicts involving Iraq and U.S.-led coalitions in the late 20th and early 21st cent. The First Persian Gulf War, also known as the Gulf War, Jan.–Feb., 1991, was an armed conflict between Iraq and a coalition of 39 nations including the United States, Britain, Egypt, France, and Saudi Arabia; 28 nations contributed troops. It was a result of Iraq's …We're here anytime, day or night — 24/7. If you are a Veteran in crisis or concerned about one, connect with our caring, qualified responders for confidential help. Many of them are Veterans themselves. Call 800-273-8255 and press 1. Text 838255. Iraq’s brutal leader Saddam Hussein threatened the Persian Gulf regions for two decades. Soon after coming to power he went to war against Iran in 1980. The eight-year war drained both countries of lives and funds. In search of additional oil wealth, Iraq invaded Kuwait in 1990 to replenish its treasury. President Bush ultimately decided to ...24 мар. 2022 г. ... This oil field was one of the richest sources of crude petroleum on earth. The Iraqi government accused Kuwait of siphoning oil from that field.20 авг. 2014 г. ... In addition, it includes primary source documents that will provide readers with valuable insights and foster their critical thinking and ...The House of Repasentiatives passed a law on April 24, 2006. That law was named the Persian Gulf Conflict Veterans' Benefit Act. This law provides current and former members of the United States Armed Forces is giving them a bond issue created a fund for the payment of compensation to the United States Armed Forces. Digital collections for historical documents in the areas of: PsyOps, Afghanistan, China, Japan, Vietnam, Civil War, Persian Gulf War, Latin America, …This is the accessible text file for GAO report number GAO-04-767 entitled 'Department of Veterans Affairs: Federal Gulf War Illnesses Research Strategy Needs Reassessment' whichOct 10, 2023 · The Gulf War oil spill, or the Persian Gulf oil spill, was one of the largest oil spills in history, resulting from the Gulf War in 1991. [1] In January 1991, Iraqi forces allegedly began dumping oil into the Persian Gulf to stop a U.S. coalition-led water landing on their shores. Despite quite high initial estimates, the spill likely was about ...January 17, 1991. In the early morning of January 17. the U.S. and its coalition of allies launch a campaign of air and missile attacks on targets in Iraq and Kuwait. The …At the end of the Iran-Iraq War of 1980–1988, Iraq emerged with its state intact and a reinforced sense of national pride, but laden with massive debts.Coalition aircraft set forth on the largest air campaign since World War II on 17 January 1991. By the end of the day, Iraq was well on the way to defeat, in no small part due to the strategic air campaign. Over time, the attacks drove Saddam and his leadership underground, reducing its control over events, and heavily damaging critical ...The Crusades were a series of religious wars initiated, supported, and sometimes directed by the Latin Church in the medieval period. The best known of these Crusades are those to the Holy Land in the period between 1095 and 1291 that were intended to recover Jerusalem and its surrounding area from Islamic rule. Wikipedia.The MIM-104 Patriot is a surface-to-air missile (SAM) system, the primary such system used by the United States Army and several allied states. It is manufactured by the U.S. defense contractor Raytheon and derives its name from the radar component of the weapon system. The AN/MPQ-53 at the heart of the system is known as the "Phased Array Tracking Radar to …Resources relevant for the study of the Middle East ... Records of the Persian Gulf War Afghanistan and the U.S., 1945-1963 Iran (Persia): Records of the U.S. Department of State, ... Places, and Documents (consisting of hundreds of primary texts, photographs, maps, and charts) Digital Palestinian Archive (Birzeit University)Clinical Evaluation of Gulf War Veterans 151 TABLE I COMPARISON OF DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS BETWEEN 20,000 CCEP PARTICIPANTS AND ALL U. S. PERSIAN GULF WAR VETERANS Percent with Characteristic CCEP All Gulf War Participantsa Veterans Characteristic (n = 20,000) (n = 697,000) Gender Male 88 93 Female 12 7 Age in years* 17-25 32 55 26-30 24 20 ... Oct 9, 2023 · Mexican Revolution (1910) Napoleonic Wars. Persian Gulf War. Russian Revolution (1917) Russo-Japanese War. Seven Years' War. Sino-Japanese War, 1st. Sino-Japanese War, 2nd. Spanish American War. Arabian Gulf Digital Archive Primary source documents about the Arabian Gulf Open to all The Arabian Gulf Digital Archive (“AGDA”) is an online archive that has been created to showcase historical and cultural material that tells the history of the Arabian Gulf. Offers digital material that spans two centuries, documenting events and ...The Gulf War, 1991. At the end of the Iran-Iraq War of 1980-1988, Iraq emerged with its state intact and a reinforced sense of national pride, but laden with massive debts. Iraq had largely financed the war effort through loans, and owed some $37 billion to Gulf creditors in 1990.The Persian Gulf War (1991) was caused by Iraq's invasion of Kuwait on 2 August 1990, and had two major phases.The first phase was Operation Desert Shield—a largely …... primary opponent in the Gulf War.45. Like the ground war, the air war was ... sources are unclear on whether or not Knowles was justified in taking the ...Glorious Revolution (1688 - 1689) The Glorious Revolution, also called “The Revolution of 1688” and “The Bloodless Revolution,” took place from 1688 to 1689 in England. It involved the overthrow of the Catholic King James II, who was replaced by his Protestant daughter Mary and her Dutch husband, William of Orange. Wikipedia.Department of Defense. The Persian Gulf War, also known as Operation Desert Storm or the First Gulf War, began in 1991 after President Saddam Hussein of Iraq ordered the invasion and...Mar 1, 2002 · In 1992, the year after the Gulf War, Europe’s export total was $57.2 billion, as against $19.9 billion for the United States. And the trend continued. In 2000, Europe shipped $63.7 billion of ... Oct 5, 2023 · Primary sources can be defined as "those closest, in time or connection, to any subject of investigation." [Richard Maruis, A Short Guide to Writing about History, 8th ed., 2012, p.14] These include. Letters, diaries, memoirs, speeches, and other first person accounts. Certain government publications, such as Congressional hearings. Saddam Hussein, also spelled Ṣaddām Ḥusayn, in full Ṣaddām Ḥusayn al-Tikrītī, (born April 28, 1937, Al-ʿAwjah, Iraq—died December 30, 2006, Baghdad), president of Iraq (1979–2003) whose brutal rule was marked by costly and unsuccessful wars against neighbouring countries.. Early life. Saddam, the son of peasants, was born in a village near …Rick Atkinson, Crusade: The Untold Story of the Persian Gulf War (New York: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1993). ... The History and Public Policy Program makes public the primary source record of 20th and 21st century international history from repositories around the world, facilitates scholarship based on those records, and uses these materials ...In Iran, the primary damage was inflicted on the refinery in Abadan, one of the world's largest, with a capacity of 570,000 barrels a day (b/d).1 Located on an island in the delta of the Shatt al-Arab just across from Iraq, Abadan was subjected to unceasing Iraqi artillery barrages and aerial bombings from the first day of war.Students of international and military history will find unique materials in Records of the Persian Gulf War, with primary-source accounts of Operation Desert Shield, Operation …Persian Gulf Wars, two conflicts involving Iraq and U.S.-led coalitions in the late 20th and early 21st cent. The First Persian Gulf War, also known as the Gulf War, Jan.–Feb., 1991, was an armed conflict between Iraq and a coalition of 39 nations including the United States, Britain, Egypt, France, and Saudi Arabia; 28 nations contributed troops. It was a result of Iraq's …Aug 28, 2020 · B-247224 Results in Brief Crews from both the Bradley Fighting Vehicle and Abrams tank, as well as other Army personnel, praised the overall performance of the vehicles in the Persian Gulf war. Crews said that the vehicles demonstrated good lethality and mobility. Survivability of the Abrams was perceived as good byThe Korean War (also known by other names) was fought between North Korea and South Korea from 1950 to 1953. The war began on 25 June 1950 when North Korea invaded South Korea following clashes along the border and rebellions in South Korea. North Korea was supported by China and the Soviet Union while South Korea was supported by the United ...Gulf Wars & Desert Storm/Shield Primary Source Collections Online Iran-Iraq War / First Persian Gulf War, 1980-1988 "Collection of Iraqi documents translated …The Gharrāf River, now a branch of the Tigris but in ancient times the main bed of that river, joins the Euphrates below Al-Nāṣiriyyah.In the southern alluvial plain, both rivers flow through marshes, and the Euphrates flows through Lake Al-Ḥammār, an open stretch of water.Finally, the Euphrates and Tigris join and flow as the Shatt al-Arab to the Persian …Dubai is located in the United Arab Emirates on the Persian Gulf. Dubai is one of seven emirates that comprise the United Arab Emirates. An emirate is comparable to a state in the United States and is a smaller governmental region that defe...The cause of the Gulf War is commonly considered as being a reaction to the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait. And ultimately, it was this that prompted international condemnation at the UN, the consequential Resolutions that provided the pathway to war. But behind the Iraqi invasion of sovereign Kuwait on August 2, 1990, lay emotive issues that ...1 day ago · The Gulf of Bengal and Malabar in India were sources of eunuchs for the Safavid court of Iran according to Jean Chardin. Sir Thomas Herbert accompanied Robert Shirley in 1627-9 to Safavid Iran. He reported seeing Indian slaves sold to Iran, "above three hundred slaves whom the Persians bought in India: Persees, Ientews (gentiles [i.e. …Online Sources: Franco-Prussian War. The Franco-Prussian War or Franco-German War, often referred to in France as the War of 1870, was a conflict between the Second French Empire and the North German Confederation led by the Kingdom of Prussia. Lasting from 19 July 1870 to 28 January 1871, the conflict was caused primarily by France's ...20 авг. 2014 г. ... In addition, it includes primary source documents that will provide readers with valuable insights and foster their critical thinking and ...Persian Gulf War, conflict (1990–91) triggered by Iraq’s invasion of Kuwait with the apparent aim of acquiring its large oil reserves, canceling a large debt owed to Kuwait, and expanding Iraqi regional …Jan 29, 2021 · When Iraqi military forces under Saddam Hussein invaded Kuwait on 2 August 1990, U.S. Marine Corps Aviation went to war on short notice and in a big way. More than 40 squadrons deployed to the Persian Gulf to participate in Operation Desert Shield (2 August 1990–17 January 1991), a buildup of troops in Saudi Arabia by a Coalition of 35 …The Persian Wars (499-479 BCE). Aeschylus (525-456 BCE): The Persians 472 BCE [annotated HTML] [At Calgary] [Internet Archive version here] Aeschylus (525-456 BCE): The Persians 472 BCE [Waa At Saskatchewan, now Internet Archive] Aeschylus plays are the earliest accounts we have of the Persian wars. Herodotus (c.490-c.425 BCE): The Histories …29 мар. 2017 г. ... Note: This lesson is intended for high school students and older. Teachers, please preview the photographs in the slide shows to make sure ...The maps included below provide insight into the expansion of Mediterranean and Persian Empires, and provide access to multimedia resources for mapping and primary source analysis. Map of the Persian Empire at the time of Xerxes. Red lines denote the route of Xerxes' army across the empire. Topography included. Close-up of Greece and "war ... Oct 21, 2023 · The Desert Battle Dress Uniform (DBDU) is a U.S. arid-environment camouflage battle uniform that was used by the United States Armed Forces from the early 1980s to the early to mid 1990s, most notably during the Persian Gulf War.Although the U.S. military has long since abandoned the pattern, it is still in widespread use by …The Gharrāf River, now a branch of the Tigris but in ancient times the main bed of that river, joins the Euphrates below Al-Nāṣiriyyah.In the southern alluvial plain, both rivers flow through marshes, and the Euphrates flows through Lake Al-Ḥammār, an open stretch of water.Finally, the Euphrates and Tigris join and flow as the Shatt al-Arab to the Persian …Iran–Iraq War and Iraqi debt to Kuwait. When the Iran–Iraq War broke out, Kuwait initially stayed neutral and also tried mediating between Iran and Iraq. In 1982, Kuwait along with other Arab states of the Persian Gulf supported Iraq to curb the Iranian Revolutionary government. In 1982–1983, Kuwait began sending significant financial ...Records of the Persian Gulf War · Records of the U.S. Marine Corps in the ... Primary source collections in print may be in the Reference Collection on the 1st ...Jan 4, 2023 · The northern Persian Gulf was a contested battleground during the Iran-Iraq War in the early 1980s, and one month after the tanker crash, Iraqi helicopters assaulted another adjacent platform.The Gulf War, 1991. At the end of the Iran-Iraq War of 1980–1988, Iraq emerged with its state intact and a reinforced sense of national pride, but laden with massive debts. Iraq had largely financed the war effort through loans, and owed some $37 billion to Gulf creditors in 1990.The USAF F-117 Nighthawk, one of the key aircraft used in Operation Desert Storm. The Gulf War began with an extensive aerial bombing campaign on 16 January 1991. For 42 consecutive days and nights, the coalition forces subjected Iraq to one of the most intensive air bombardments in military history.... of the Persian Gulf War (Riegle Report), 3.9 MB. Donald W. Riegle, Jr. and Alfonse M. D'Amato of the House Committee on Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs, A ...The Iran–Iraq War was an armed conflict between Iran and Iraq that lasted from September 1980 to August 1988. It began with the Iraqi invasion of Iran and lasted for eight years, until the acceptance of United Nations Security Council Resolution 598 by both sides.Persian Gulf at Night from ISS, 2020.. The Persian Gulf (Persian: خلیج فارس, romanized: xalij-e fârs, lit. 'Gulf of Fars', pronounced [xæliːdʒe fɒːɾs]), sometimes called the Arabian Gulf (Arabic: اَلْخَلِيْجُ ٱلْعَرَبِيُّ, romanized: Al-Khalīj al-ˁArabī), is a mediterranean sea in West Asia.The body of water is an extension of the Indian Ocean located ...Embed from Getty Images. The French and Indian War was a theater of the Seven Years' War, which pitted the North American colonies of the British Empire against those of the French, each side being supported by various Native American tribes. Wikipedia.Primary Sources: Wars & Conflicts. The War of 1812 (18 June 1812 – 17 February 1815) was a conflict fought by the United States of America and its indigenous allies against the United Kingdom and its allies in British North America, with limited participation by Spain in Florida. It began when the US declared war on 18 June 1812 and, although ...war from the viewpoint of the principal American civilian and military actors. Of course, this book will not be the last word on the issue; as yet the public record on the Gulf war contains litde on how Arab allies saw the war, and even less on the view from the Iraqi side of the hill.10 Indeed, the lack of American But the Persian wars helped to bring them together, helped them form a Greek identity, and defined Greek culture. Timeline: Persian Wars—492-479 BCE. Battle of Marathon—490 BCE. Xerxes in Power—486-465 BCE. Xerxis attacked Greece—481 BCE. Mardonius killed/Greek victory—479 BCE.In 1991, Iraqi forces committed one of the largest acts of ecological terrorism the world has ever seen. A year after Kuwait's libration, hundreds of miles of coastline were still slathered in over a foot of oil, and fires fueled a smoke cloud …President George H.W. Bush gave a speech in 1990 about Iraq invading Kuwait. Why did the U.S. and other countries want to intervene (get involved) in the conflict? due to concerns that Iraq would invade key US ally Saudi Arabia. President George H.W. Bush gave a speech in 1990 about Iraq invading Kuwait. What is the name of the conflict? Oct 13, 2023 · The six-day war was a spectacular military success for Israel. Its capture of all of Jerusalem and newly acquired control over the biblical lands called Judea and Samaria in Israel opened the way ...Gulf War Veterans' Illnesses. Gulf War Veterans' Illnesses Home; Gulf War Service; ... Veterans who were deployed to the Persian Gulf, Afghanistan and other dusty environments were often exposed to sand, dust, pollution and other airborne particles. ... PM levels in Southwest Asia are naturally higher. Primary sources of PM in Southwest Asia ...Iraq and the Gulf War: Decision-Making in Baghdad (Full Text, PDF, 34 pages, 60 KB) Page: [1] Introduction/Why the Case is Important. The Gulf War of 1990-91 was the largest American military involvement since Vietnam, the first major international event of the post-Cold War world, a turning point in the conflictual international politics of the Middle East and a ratification of the …The total cost of all U.S. aid to Afghanistan through FY2016 is $115.3 billion, which is 16 percent of the total OCO cost of $728.9 billion from FY2001 to FY2016. The annual cost of all U.S. aid in FY2016 is $5.79 billion, which is 13 percent of …War in the Persian Gulf primary sources : from Operation Desert Storm to Operation Iraqi Freedom by Hillstrom, Laurie Collier, 1965-Publication date 2004 Topics Persian Gulf War (1991), Iraq War (2003-2011), Iraq War, 2003-2011 -- Juvenile literature, Persian Gulf War, 1991 -- Juvenile literature, Iraq War, 2003, Persian Gulf War, 1991, IraqEncyclopedia Americana . Danbury: Groiler, 2001. Used for back ground information about the begining of the war. Franck, David Brownstone and Irene. Timeline of the 20th Century . 1st. Toronto:...Saddam Hussein and His Advisers Discussing Iraq's Decision to Go to War with Iran. Transcript of a meeting between Saddam Hussein, the National Command and the Revolutionary Command Council discussing the military situation during the Iran-Iraq War, mainly regarding the disputed territory along the Shatt Al-'Arab river. March 1, 1987. Mar 19, 2013 · National Security Archive Publishes "Essential" Primary Sources on Operation Iraqi Freedom National Security Archive Briefing Book No. 418 Posted ... investigation concluded that most of Saddam Hussein's secret programs had been destroyed as a result of the 1991 Persian Gulf war and later inspections by the United ...Department of Defense. The Persian Gulf War, also known as Operation Desert Storm or the First Gulf War, began in 1991 after President Saddam Hussein of Iraq ordered the invasion and...Donald P. Wright. Deception in the Desert is Chapter 12 Weaving the Tangled Web: Military Deception in Large-Scale Combat Operations., part of The Large-Scale Combat Operations Series. Operation DESERT STORM remains one of the shortest and least costly of America’s military victories. The Coalition campaign that began in January 1991 opened ...These rich, theme-based presentations from the Veterans History Project (VHP) are designed to offer a glimpse into the infinite research possibilities that the VHP collections encompass. In Serving: Our Voices, we highlight collections that open our eyes and our hearts, that surprise and confound us, and that complicate and expand typical narratives of military service. Oct 11, 2023 · Persian Gulf Wars, two conflicts involving Iraq and U.S.-led coalitions in the late 20th and early 21st cent. The First Persian Gulf War, also known as the Gulf War, Jan.–Feb., 1991, was an armed conflict between Iraq and a coalition of 39 nations including the United States, Britain, Egypt, France, and Saudi Arabia; 28 nations contributed ...The Gulf War. The Gulf War was an armed campaign waged by a United States-led coalition of 35 countries against Iraq in response to the Iraqi invasion and annexation of Kuwait. The Iraqi military invaded the neighboring State of Kuwait on 2 August 1990 and fully occupied the country within two days. English Civil War (1640 - 1660) The English Civil War (1642–1651) was a series of civil wars and political machinations between Parliamentarians ("Roundheads") and Royalists ("Cavaliers"), mainly over the manner of England's governance and issues of religious freedom. It was part of the wider Wars of the Three Kingdoms.U.S. interests in the Persian Gulf are vital to the national These interests include access to oil and the security security. The united and stability of key friendly states in the region. States will defend its vital interests in the area, through the use of U.S. military force if necessary and appropriate, against The United StatesThe Persian Gulf contains the warmest sea water in the world at 35 degrees Celsius. The Red Sea follows with a temperature of 32 degrees Celsius. Sea water absorbs radiation from the sun.Primary Sources: Wars & Conflicts. The War of 1812 (18 June 1812 – 17 February 1815) was a conflict fought by the United States of America and its indigenous allies against the United Kingdom and its allies in British North America, with limited participation by Spain in Florida. It began when the US declared war on 18 June 1812 and, although ...These rich, theme-based presentations from the Veterans History Project (VHP) are designed to offer a glimpse into the infinite research possibilities that the VHP collections encompass. In Serving: Our Voices, we highlight collections that open our eyes and our hearts, that surprise and confound us, and that complicate and expand typical narratives of military service. Embed from Getty Images. The French and Indian War was a theater of the Seven Years' War, which pitted the North American colonies of the British Empire against those of the French, each side being supported by various Native American tribes. Wikipedia. Hussein defied the Security Council, and early on the morning of January 17, 1991 the Persian Gulf War began with a massive U.S.-led air offensive known as Operation Desert Storm. The U.S. was ...Operation Prime Chance (August 1987 – June 1989) was a United States Special Operations Command operation intended to protect U.S.-flagged oil tankers from Iranian attack during the Iran–Iraq War.The operation took place roughly at the same time as Operation Earnest Will (July 1987 – September 1988), the largely naval effort to escort the tankers through the Persian Gulf.29 мар. 2017 г. ... Note: This lesson is intended for high school students and older. Teachers, please preview the photographs in the slide shows to make sure ...U.S. interests in the Persian Gulf are vital to the national These interests include access to oil and the security security. The united and stability of key friendly states in the region. States will defend its vital interests in the area, through the use of U.S. military force if necessary and appropriate, against The United States... in the dynamics leading to the Gulf war and would remain one of the primary “sources of conflict” in the region. To ease these tensions, he proposed the ...Saddam Hussein (April 28, 1937–December 30, 2006) was the ruthless dictator of Iraq from 1979 until 2003. He was the adversary of the United States during the Persian Gulf War and found himself once again at odds with the U.S. in 2003 during the Iraq War. Captured by U.S. troops, Saddam Hussein was put on trial for crimes against humanity (he ...Hussein defied the Security Council, and early on the morning of January 17, 19, ... Persian Gulf War, 1980-1994; Terrorism and US Policy 1968-2002; Colombia and ... Government, The information told me why the Persian Gulf War was important. In, Saddam Hussein and His Advisers Discussing Iraq's Decision to Go to War with Iran., Persian Gulf War, conflict (1990-91) triggered by Iraq's invasion of Kuwait with the app, Generally, primary sources are considered as documents or footage that was created during the ti, Materials that trace U.S. policy toward Iraq prior to the Persian Gulf War, as well as U.S. govern, The Gulf War began on the 2 August 1990, when Iraq invaded K, The Persian Gulf War erupted after Iraqi military , Apr 1, 2014 · 20th Anniversary of Desert Storm in Photos A collecti, The information told me why the Persian Gulf War was important, 18 сент. 2020 г. ... Persian Gulf and Iraq/Afghanista, Iraq’s brutal leader Saddam Hussein threatened the Persian Gulf re, The Gulf War is often remembered as a “good war,” a high-te, By 2002, Iraq had long been in violation of the Gulf, Donald P. Wright. Deception in the Desert is Chapter 12 Weaving the, Gulf War veterans registered in the U.S. Department of Defense’s Compr, This article relies excessively on references to primary so.