>

Find the fundamental set of solutions for the differential equation - The general solution of this system of differential equations is $$ae^{x}v_1+be^{2x

It is asking me to use this Theorem to find the fundamental set of solutions for the gi

equation will be looked at. Fundamental Sets of Solutions – A look at some of the theory behind the solution to second order differential equations, including looks at the …Explain what is meant by a solution to a differential equation. Distinguish between the general solution and a particular solution of a differential equation. Identify an initial-value problem. …Find the general solution of the system of equations and describe the behavior of the solution as t!1. Draw a direction eld and plot a few trajectories of the system. x0= 3 2 ... If we chose a di erent fundamental set of solutions, we’d get a di erent matrix. ASSIGNMENT 33. 7.6.2. Express the solution of the given system of equations in terms ...Verifying solutions to differential equations | AP Ca…Assume the differential equation has a solution of the form. y ( x) = ∞ ∑ n = 0 a n x n. Differentiate the power series term by term to get. y ′ ( x) = ∞ ∑ n = 1 n a n x n − 1. and. y ″ ( x) = ∞ ∑ n = 2 n ( n − 1) a n x n − 2. Substitute the power series expressions into the differential equation. Re-index sums as ...Observe that equation (2) has constant coefficients. If y 1 (x) and y 2 (x) form a fundamental set of solutions of equation (2), then y 1 (ln t) and y 2 (ln t) form a fundamental set of solutions of equation (1). Use the substitution above to solve the given differential equation. t 2 …Finding fundamental set of solutions of a given differential equation. Suppose that y1,y2 y 1, y 2 is a fundamental set of solutions of this equation t2y′′ − 3ty′ +t3y = 0 t 2 y ″ − 3 t y ′ + t 3 y = 0 such that W[y1,y2](1) = 4 W [ y 1, y 2] ( 1) = 4 , Find W[y1,y2](7). W [ y 1, y 2] ( 7).Here is a set of notes used by Paul Dawkins to teach his Differential Equations course at Lamar University. Included are most of the standard topics in 1st and 2nd order differential equations, Laplace transforms, systems of differential eqauations, series solutions as well as a brief introduction to boundary value problems, Fourier series and partial differntial equations.Find the fundamental set of solutions specified by Theorem 3.2.5 for the given differential equation and initial point. y"+4y'+3y=0 t0=1 This problem has been solved! You'll get a detailed solution from a subject matter expert that helps you learn core concepts. Other Math questions and answers. Consider the differential equation x2y" – 7xy' + 12y = 0; x2, x6, (0, co). Verify that the given functions form a fundamental set of solutions of the differential equation on the indicated interval. The functions satisfy the differential equation and are linearly independent since w (x2, x) = x + O for 0 < x ...See Answer See Answer See Answer done loading Question: Use Abel's formula to find the Wronskian of a fundamental set of solutions of the given differential equation: y(3) + 5y''' - y' - 3y = 0 (If we have the differential equation y(n) + p1(t)y(n - 1) + middot middot middot + pn(t)y = 0 with solutions y1, ..., yn, then Abel's formula for the ...A set S of n linearly independent nontrivial solutions of the nth-order linear homogeneous equation (4.5) is called a fundamental set of solutions of the equation. ... = te −3t; a general solution of the differential equation is y = (c 1 + c 2 t)e −3t; and a fundamental set of solutions for the equation is {e −3t, te −3t}.When it comes to cooking, having the right tools can make all the difference. One of the most important pieces of equipment in any kitchen is a good set of pots and pans. Hexclad cookware is a line of high-quality non-stick pots and pans th...Explain what is meant by a solution to a differential equation. Distinguish between the general solution and a particular solution of a differential equation. Identify an initial-value problem. Identify whether a given function is a solution to a differential equation or an initial-value problem.3.1.19. Find the solution of the initial value problem y00 y= 0; y(0) = 5 4; y0(0) = 3 4: Plot the solution for 0 t 2 and determine its minimum value.[5 points for the solution, 2 for the plot, 3 for the minimum value.] The characteristic equation is r2 1 = 0; which has roots r= 1. Thus, a fundamental set of solutions is y 1 = et; y 2 = e t: Consider the following differential equation y′′ + 5y′ + 4y = 0 y ″ + 5 y ′ + 4 y = 0. a) Determine a system of equations x′ = Ax x ′ = A x that is equivalent to the differential equation. b) Suppose that y1,y2 y 1, y 2 form a fundamental set of solutions for the differential equation, and x(1), x(2) x ( 1), x ( 2) form a ... Q: Find the fundamental set of solutions for the differential equation L[y] = y" – 5y+ 6y = 0 and… A: Q: Verify that the indicated function y = (x) is an explicit solution of the given first-order…The general solution for inhomogeneous differential equation. I am working with the following inhomogeneous differential equation, x ″ + x = 3cos(ωt) The general solution for this is x(t) = xh(t) + xp(t) So the characteristic equation is, λ2 + 0λ + 1 = 0 and its roots are λ = √− 4 2 = i√4 2 = ± i So xh(t) = c1cos(t) + c2sin(t) My ...a.Seek power series solutions of the given differential equation about the given point x 0; find the recurrence relation that the coefficients must satisfy. b.Find the first four nonzero terms in each of two solutions y 1 and y 2 (unless the series terminates sooner). c.By evaluating the Wronskian W[y 1, y 2](x 0), show that y 1 and y 2 form a fundamental set of solutions.Let y be any solution of Equation 2.3.12. Because of the initial condition y(0) = − 1 and the continuity of y, there’s an open interval I that contains x0 = 0 on which y has no zeros, and is consequently of the form Equation 2.3.11. Setting x = 0 and y = − 1 in Equation 2.3.11 yields c = − 1, so. y = (x2 − 1)5 / 3.Nov 16, 2022 · Variation of Parameters. Consider the differential equation, y ″ + q(t)y ′ + r(t)y = g(t) Assume that y1(t) and y2(t) are a fundamental set of solutions for. y ″ + q(t)y ′ + r(t)y = 0. Then a particular solution to the nonhomogeneous differential equation is, YP(t) = − y1∫ y2g(t) W(y1, y2) dt + y2∫ y1g(t) W(y1, y2) dt. From pet boarding to dog walkers, solutions for providing animals maximum comfort will help anxious pet parents set their minds at ease as they return to the office. Prakhar Kapoor adopted his first dog back in June, when India began to eas...We define fundamental sets of solutions and discuss how they can be used to get a general solution to a homogeneous second order differential equation. We will also define the Wronskian and show how it can be used to determine if a pair of solutions are a fundamental set of solutions.In each of Problems 22 and 23, find the fundamental set of solutions specified by Theorem 3.2.5 for the given differential equation and initial point. y00+4y0+3y = 0; t 0 = 1 Solution Since this is a linear homogeneous constant-coefficient ODE, the solution is of the form y = ert. y = ert! y0= rert! y00= r2ert Substitute these expressions into ...Ordering office supplies seems like a straightforward process until you start ordering too much or, conversely, forget to place orders. Fortunately, there are solutions to this problem. The following guidelines are set up to help you learn ...A set S of n linearly independent nontrivial solutions of the nth-order linear homogeneous equation (4.5) is called a fundamental set of solutions of the equation. ... = te −3t; a general solution of the differential equation is y = (c 1 + c 2 t)e −3t; and a fundamental set of solutions for the equation is {e −3t, te −3t}.1 Answer. Sorted by: 6. First, recall that a fundamental matrix is one whose columns correspond to linearly independent solutions to the differential equation. Then, in our case, we have. ψ(t) =(−3et et −e−t e−t) ψ ( t) = ( − 3 e t − e − t e t e − t) To find a fundamental matrix F(t) F ( t) such that F(0) = I F ( 0) = I, we ... You'll get a detailed solution from a subject matter expert that helps you learn core concepts. See Answer See Answer See Answer done loading Question: Find the fundamental set of solutions for the given differential equation L[y]=y′′−9y′+20y=0 and initial point t0=0 that also specifies y1(t0)=1, y′1(t0)=0, y2(t0)=0 and y′2(t0)=1 ...Other Math questions and answers. Consider the differential equation x2y" – 7xy' + 12y = 0; x2, x6, (0, co). Verify that the given functions form a fundamental set of solutions of the differential equation on the indicated interval. The functions satisfy the differential equation and are linearly independent since w (x2, x) = x + O for 0 < x ...Question #302571. Use variation of parameter methods to find the particular solution of xy− (x+1)y+y = x2, given that y1 (x) = ex and y2 (x) = x + 1 form a fundamental set of solutions for the corresponding homogeneous differential equation.Recall as well that if a set of solutions form a fundamental set of solutions then they will also be a set of linearly independent functions. We’ll close this section off with a quick reminder of how we find solutions to the nonhomogeneous differential equation, \(\eqref{eq:eq2}\).Question: a) Seek power series solutions of the given differential equation about the given point x0; find the recurrence relation. b) Find the first four terms in each of tow solutions y1 and y2 (unless the series terminates sooner). c) By evaluating the Wronskian W (y1, y2)(x0), show that y1 and y2 form a fundamental set of solutions.Consider the following differential equation y′′ + 5y′ + 4y = 0 y ″ + 5 y ′ + 4 y = 0. a) Determine a system of equations x′ = Ax x ′ = A x that is equivalent to the differential equation. b) Suppose that y1,y2 y 1, y 2 form a fundamental set of solutions for the differential equation, and x(1), x(2) x ( 1), x ( 2) form a ... Q: Find the fundamental set of solutions for the differential equation L[y] = y" – 5y+ 6y = 0 and… A: Q: Verify that the indicated function y = (x) is an explicit solution of the given first-order…Question: Consider the given differential equation (1−𝑥)𝑦″+𝑦=0(1−x)y″+y=0 Determine a power series solution for the equation about 𝑥0=0x0=0 and find the recurrence relation. Find the first four nonzero terms in each of the two solutions 𝑦1y1 and 𝑦2y2 (unless the series terminates early). If possible, find the general term in each solution.Final answer. Given the functions y1 = x3 and y2 = x4 : Verify that each is a solution of the differential equation below. Determine whether they form a fundamental set of solutions for the differential equation on the interval (0,∞). x2y′′ − 6xy′ +12y = 0.differential equations. If the functions y1 and y2 are a fundamental set of solutions of y''+p (t)y'+q (t)y=0, show that between consecutive zeros of y1 there is one and only one zero of y2. Note that this result is illustrated by the solutions y1 (t)=cost and y2 (t)=sint of the equation y''+y=0.Hint:Suppose that t1 and t2 are two zeros of y1 ...Recall as well that if a set of solutions form a fundamental set of solutions then they will also be a set of linearly independent functions. We’ll close this section off with a quick reminder of how we find solutions to the nonhomogeneous differential equation, \(\eqref{eq:eq2}\).$\begingroup$ I appreciate your answer. I have two questions. If one computes the exponential that you provide, one gets the exponential of a matrix. The first issue here are the integral limits since the antiderivative that one gets is the logarithm which is not defined in 0.In other words, if we have a fundamental set of solutions S, then a general solution of the differential equation is formed by taking the linear combination of the functions in S. Example 4.1.5 Show that S = cos 2 x , sin 2 x is a fundamental set of solutions of the second-order ordinary linear differential equation with constant coefficients y ...Find step-by-step Differential equations solutions and your answer to the following textbook question: Verify that the given functions form a fundamental set of solutions of the differential equation on the indicated interval.Advanced Math. Advanced Math questions and answers. Verify that the given two-parameter family of functions is the general solution of the nonhomogeneous differential equation on the indicated interval. 2x2y'' + 5xy' + y = x2 − x; y = c1x−1/2 + c2x−1 + 1/15 (x^2)-1/6 (x), (0,infinity) The functions (x^-1/2) and (x^-1) satisfy the ...Find the fundamental set of solutions for the differential equation L [y] = y" – 5y' + 6y = 0 and initial point to = 0 that also satisfies Yı (to) = 1, y (to) = 0, y2 (to) = 0, and y, (to) = Yı (t) Y2 (t) BUY. Advanced Engineering Mathematics. 10th Edition. ISBN: 9780470458365. Author: Erwin Kreyszig. Publisher: Wiley, John & Sons ... Figure \(\PageIndex{1}\): Family of solutions to the differential equation \(y′=2x.\) In this example, we are free to choose any solution we wish; for example, \(y=x^2−3\) is a member of the family of solutions to this differential equation. This is called a particular solution to the differential equation.It is asking me to use this Theorem to find the fundamental set of solutions for the given different equation and initial point: y’’ + y’ - 2y = 0; t=0 This problem has been solved! You'll get a detailed solution from a subject matter expert that helps you learn core concepts.Final answer. Given the functions y1 = x3 and y2 = x4 : Verify that each is a solution of the differential equation below. Determine whether they form a fundamental set of solutions for the differential equation on the interval (0,∞). x2y′′ − 6xy′ +12y = 0.Theorem 1: There exists a fundamental set of solutions for the homogeneous linear n-th order differential equation \( L\left[ x,\texttt{D} \right] y =0 \) …Expert Answer. The answer is in the pic. If any doubt s …. a. Show that the given functions are solutions of the given system of differential equations. b. Show that x = c_x (1) + cx (2) is also a solution of the given system for any values of c, and ca: c. Show that the given functions form a fundamental set of solutions of the given system.Find the general solution of the system of equations and describe the behavior of the solution as t!1. Draw a direction eld and plot a few trajectories of the system. x0= 3 2 ... If we chose a di erent fundamental set of solutions, we’d get a di erent matrix. ASSIGNMENT 33. 7.6.2. Express the solution of the given system of equations in terms ...Advanced Math questions and answers. Consider the differential equation x3y ''' + 8x2y '' + 9xy ' − 9y = 0; x, x−3, x−3 ln x, (0, ∞). Verify that the given functions form a fundamental set of solutions of the differential equation on the indicated interval. The functions satisfy the differential equation and are linearly independent since.In each of Problems 17 and 18, find the fundamental set of solutions specified by Theorem 3.2.5 for the given differential equation and initial point. Additional Information for the equations above: Use the method of reduction of order to find a second solution of the given differential equation:Jul 28, 2023 · 3.6: Linear Independence and the Wronskian. Recall from linear algebra that two vectors v and w are called linearly dependent if there are nonzero constants c1 and c2 with. c1v + c2w = 0. We can think of differentiable functions f(t) and g(t) as being vectors in the vector space of differentiable functions. In mathematics, a fundamental solution for a linear partial differential operator L is a formulation in the language of distribution theory of the older idea of a Green's function (although unlike Green's functions, fundamental solutions do not address boundary conditions).. In terms of the Dirac delta "function" δ(x), a fundamental solution F is a solution of the inhomogeneous equationSolution Because d2dx2(e−5x)+6ddx(e−5x)+5e−5x=25e−5x−30e−5x+5e−5x=0 and d2dx2(e−x)+6ddx(e−x)+5e−x=e−x−6e−x+5e−x=0, each function is a solution of the …Use Abel's formula to find the Wronskian of a fundamental set of solutions of the given differential equation: y(3) + 5y''' - y' - 3y = 0 (If we have the differential equation y(n) + p1(t)y(n - 1) + middot middot middot + pn(t)y = 0 with solutions y1, ..., yn, then Abel's formula for the Wronskian is W(y1, ..., yn) = ce- p1(t)dt 3.6: Linear Independence and the Wronskian. Recall from linear algebra that two vectors v and w are called linearly dependent if there are nonzero constants c1 and c2 with. c1v + c2w = 0. We can think of differentiable functions f(t) and g(t) as being vectors in the vector space of differentiable functions.You'll get a detailed solution from a subject matter expert that helps you learn core concepts. See Answer See Answer See Answer done loading Question: Find the fundamental set of solutions for the given …Oct 18, 2018 · Explain what is meant by a solution to a differential equation. Distinguish between the general solution and a particular solution of a differential equation. Identify an initial-value problem. Identify whether a given function is a solution to a differential equation or an initial-value problem. Form the general solution. Consider the differential equation x2y'' ? 6xy' + 12y = 0; x3, x4, (0, ?). Verify that the given functions form a fundamental set of solutions of the differential equation on the indicated interval. The functions satisfy the differential equation and are linearly independent since W (x3, x4) = ? 0 for 0 < x < ?.Advanced Math questions and answers. 6. Find the fundamental set of solutions specified by Theorem 3.2.5 for the given differential equation and initial point. V" +2y - 3y = 0, to = 0. 7. If the differential equation tºy" - 2y + (3+1)y = 0 has y and y2 as a fundamental set of solutions and if W (91-92) (2) = 3, find the value of W (31,42) (6).2. Once you have one (nonzero) solution, you can find the others by Reduction of Order. The basic idea is to write y(t) =y1(t)u(t) y ( t) = y 1 ( t) u ( t) and plug it in to the differential equation. You'll get an equation involving u′′ u ″ and u′ u ′ (but not u u itself), which you can solve as a first-order linear equation in v = u ...Oct 18, 2018 · Explain what is meant by a solution to a differential equation. Distinguish between the general solution and a particular solution of a differential equation. Identify an initial-value problem. Identify whether a given function is a solution to a differential equation or an initial-value problem. Short Answer. In Problems 23 - 30 verify that the given functions form a fundamental set of solutions of the differential equation on the indicated interval. Form the general solution. x 2 y ' ' - 6 xy ' + 12 y = 0; x 3, x 4, ( 0, ∞) The given functions satisfy the given D.E and are linearly independently on the interval ( 0, ∞), a n d y ...Question #302571. Use variation of parameter methods to find the particular solution of xy− (x+1)y+y = x2, given that y1 (x) = ex and y2 (x) = x + 1 form a fundamental set of solutions for the corresponding homogeneous differential equation.In this task, we need to show that the given functions y 1 y_1 y 1 and y 2 y_2 y 2 are solutions of the given differential equation. After that, we need to check whether these two functions form a fundamental set of solutions. How can we conclude that one function is a solution to some differential equation? Dec 5, 2018 · Please support my work on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/engineer4freeThis tutorial goes over how to use the wronskian to determine if you have a fundament... Q: Find the fundamental set of solutions for the differential equation L[y] = y" – 5y+ 6y = 0 and… A: Q: Verify that the indicated function y = (x) is an explicit solution of the given first-order…Find a general solution to the differential equation \(y'=(x^2−4)(3y+2)\) using the method of separation of variables. ... To solve the differential equation, we use the five-step technique for solving separable equations. 1. Setting the right-hand side equal to zero gives \(T=75\) as a constant solution. Since the pizza starts at \(350°F ...In this problem, find the fundamental set of solutions specified by the said theorem for the given differential equation and initial point. y^ {\prime \prime}+y^ {\prime}-2 y=0, \quad t_0=0 y′′ +y′ −2y = 0, t0 = 0. construct a suitable Liapunov function of the form ax2+cy2, where a and c are to be determined.You'll get a detailed solution from a subject matter expert that helps you learn core concepts. See Answer See Answer See Answer done loading Question: 1) Find the fundamental set of solutions for the given differential equation L [y] = y′′−13y′+42y=0 and initial point t0=0 that also specifies y1(t0)=1, y′1(t0)=0, y2(t0)=0 and y′2 ...Are you looking for a way to give your kitchen a fresh, modern look? A new set of Howden worktops can be the perfect solution. Howden worktops are made from high-quality materials and come in a variety of styles, colors, and textures.Figure \(\PageIndex{1}\): Family of solutions to the differential equation \(y′=2x.\) In this example, we are free to choose any solution we wish; for example, \(y=x^2−3\) is a member of the family of solutions to this differential equation. This is called a particular solution to the differential equation.Consider the following differential equation y′′ + 5y′ + 4y = 0 y ″ + 5 y ′ + 4 y = 0. a) Determine a system of equations x′ = Ax x ′ = A x that is equivalent to the differential equation. b) Suppose that y1,y2 y 1, y 2 form a fundamental set of solutions for the differential equation, and x(1), x(2) x ( 1), x ( 2) form a ... the entire set of solutions to a given differential equation ... solution to a differential equation a function \(y=f(x)\) that satisfies a given differential equation. This page titled 8.1: Basics of Differential Equations is shared under a CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by OpenStax.This problem has been solved! You'll get a detailed solution from a subject matter expert that helps you learn core concepts. Question: Are y3 and y4 also a fundamental set of solutions? Why or why not? In each of Problems 17 and 18, find the fundamental set of solutions specified by Theorem 3.2.5 for the given differential equation and initial ...In order to apply the theorem provided in the previous step to find a fundamental set of solutions to the given differential equation, we will find the general solution of this equation, and then find functions y 1 y_1 y 1 and y 1 y_1 y 1 that satisfy conditions given by Eq. (2) (2) (2) and (3) (3) (3). Notice that the given differential ... If W ≠ 0 W ≠ 0 then the solutions form a fundamental set of solutions and the general solution to the system is, →x (t) =c1→x 1(t) +c2→x 2(t) +⋯+cn→x n(t) x → ( t) = c 1 x → 1 ( t) + c 2 x → 2 ( t) + ⋯ + c n x → n ( t) Note that if we have a fundamental set of solutions then the solutions are also going to be linearly ...Please support my work on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/engineer4freeThis tutorial goes over how to use the wronskian to determine if you have a fundament...Find the fundamental set of solutions for the differential equation L [y] =y" – 9y' + 20y = 0 and initial point to = 0 that also satisfies yı (to) = 1, yi (to) = 0, y2 (to) = 0, and ya (to) = …Note that the general solution contains one parameter ( c 0), as expected for a first‐order differential equation. This power series is unusual in that it is possible to express it in terms of an elementary function. Observe: It is easy to check that y = c 0 e x2 / 2 is indeed the solution of the given differential equation, y′ = xy ...Advanced Math questions and answers. Consider the differential equation y '' − 2y ' + 10y = 0; ex cos 3x, ex sin 3x, (−∞, ∞). Verify that the given functions form a fundamental set of solutions of the differential equation on the indicated interval. The functions satisfy the differential equation and are linearly independent since W (ex ...Use Abel's formula to find the Wronskian of a fundamental set of solutions of the given differential equation: y(3) + 5y''' - y' - 3y = 0 (If we have the differential equation y(n) + p1(t)y(n - 1) + middot middot middot + pn(t)y = 0 with solutions y1, ..., yn, then Abel's formula for the Wronskian is W(y1, ..., yn) = ce- p1(t)dt 2. Once you have one (nonzero) solution, you can find the others by Reduction of Order. The basic idea is to write y(t) =y1(t)u(t) y ( t) = y 1 ( t) u ( t) and plug it in to the differential equation. You'll get an equation involving u′′ u ″ and u′ u ′ (but not u u itself), which you can solve as a first-order linear equation in v = u ... 0 is the solution to the initial value problem x0= Ax;x(t o) = x 0. Since x(t) is a linear combination of the columns of the fundamental ma-trix, we just need to check that it satis es the initial conditions. But x(t 0) = X(t 0)X 1(t 0)x 0 = Ix 0 = x 0 as desired, so x(t) is the dersired solutions. 9.5.6 Find eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the ...This is a homogeneous linear differential equation of order two whose coefficients 0 0 (at y′ y ′) and − sin x − sin x (at y y) are entire functions. From "general principles" it then follows that the solution space L L is a two-dimensional vector space of entire functions, and that L L is spanned by the solutions Y1 Y 1 and Y2 Y 2 ...3.1.19. Find the solution of the initial value problem y00 y= 0; y(0) = 5 4; y0(0) = 3 4: Plot the solution for 0 t 2 and determine its minimum value.[5 points for the solution, 2 for the plot, 3 for the minimum value.] The characteristic equation is r2 1 = 0; which has roots r= 1. Thus, a fundamental set of solutions is y 1 = et; y 2 = e t:Question: Consider the differential equation y′′−6y′+9y=−4e3t (a) Find r1, r2, roots of the characte, You'll get a detailed solution from a subject matter expert that helps you learn core concepts. See Answe, For two solutions to be the part of the basis for a solution space, we require them to be linearly independent. Las, Q5.6.1. In Exercises 5.6.1-5.6.17 find the general solution, given that y1 satisfies the compl, find the fundamental set of soutions specified by Theorem for the given differential eq, Jun 13, 2022 · Fundamental system of solutions. of a linear homogeneous system of or, Since the solutions are linearly independent, we called them a fundamen­ tal se, Step 1. The differential equation is y ″ − y ′ − 2 y = 0. (a) Aux, You'll get a detailed solution from a subject matter , Question: a) Seek power series solutions of the given d, Find the fundamental set of solutions for the diff, You'll get a detailed solution from a subject matter ex, The characteristic equation of the second order differential e, You'll get a detailed solution from a subject matter , B) Consider the differential equation . y '' − , Question: Consider the given differential equation (1−𝑥)𝑦″+𝑦=0(1−x, 2 includes every solution to the differential equatio, We define fundamental sets of solutions and discuss how they can be .